Notice: session_start(): A session had already been started - ignoring in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php on line 340
Notice: Undefined index: motscles in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/public/include/doc_menu.php on line 60
Notice: session_start(): A session had already been started - ignoring in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php on line 361
Notice: Undefined variable: url_home_thesaurus in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php on line 2685
Notice: session_start(): A session had already been started - ignoring in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php on line 340
Notice: Undefined offset: 10 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
Notice: Undefined offset: 1 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php on line 684
Notice: Undefined offset: 60 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php on line 684
Notice: Undefined offset: 58 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php on line 684
Notice: Undefined offset: 59 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php on line 684
Notice: Undefined offset: 61 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
Notice: Undefined variable: url_home_thesaurus in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php on line 2685
Notice: session_start(): A session had already been started - ignoring in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php on line 340
Notice: Undefined offset: 1 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
Notice: Undefined offset: 14 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
Notice: Undefined offset: 23 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
Notice: Undefined offset: 29 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
Notice: Undefined offset: 39 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
Notice: Undefined offset: 64 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
Notice: Undefined offset: 42 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
Notice: Undefined offset: 43 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
Notice: Undefined offset: 49 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php on line 684
Notice: Undefined offset: 70 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php on line 684
Notice: Undefined offset: 71 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
Notice: Undefined variable: url_home_thesaurus in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php on line 2685
Notice: session_start(): A session had already been started - ignoring in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php on line 340
Notice: Undefined offset: 1 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
Notice: Undefined offset: 7 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
Notice: Undefined offset: 8 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
Notice: Undefined offset: 9 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
Notice: Undefined offset: 13 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
Notice: Undefined offset: 14 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
Notice: Undefined offset: 16 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
Notice: Undefined offset: 17 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
Notice: Undefined offset: 20 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
Notice: Undefined offset: 21 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
Notice: Undefined offset: 22 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
Notice: Undefined offset: 23 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
Notice: Undefined offset: 30 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
Notice: Undefined offset: 31 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php on line 684
Notice: Undefined offset: 33 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php on line 684
Notice: Undefined offset: 39 in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php(2723) : eval()'d code on line 1
|
Notice: session_start(): A session had already been started - ignoring in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php on line 361
Mosque of Bu Fatata
- Name : Mosque of Bu Fatata
- Place : Sousse, Tunisia
- Construction date/period : 838-841
- Construction materials : Shelly sandstone
- Architectural pattern : Sculpted stone
- Recipient/Mandatory : Abū 'Iqal
- Inscriptions :
- western façade, in Kufic: “In the name of God the Kind and Merciful.”
- northern façade in Kufic: “Blessing and mercy to al-Aghlab ibn Ibrāhām ordered the this mosque built wherein to invoke the name of God, by the hands of …, client of Emir…”
The mosque is in the far south of the medina, three hundred metres from the qasaba, on the north-east side. A rectangular structure that is deeper than it is wide, the mosque is similar in its dimensions to the oratory of the Sayyida ribāt in Monastir and in its stark, sober architecture to the Great Mosque of Sousse. The building is preceded by a barrel vaulted entrance porch that gives out to the exterior in three round horseshoe arches resting on pillars. Above the arches, in a sunk-carved string-course, runs an inscription in Kufic letters with uprights ending in bevelled tops. For optical reasons the string-course does not lie flat but rather is set at an incline. The same principle was to be applied to the Great Mosque of Sousse, as well as in Egypt[1].
The prayer hall contains three naves and three bays. It is roofed with barrel vaults on transverse ribs placed on round horseshoe arches which rest on short cruciform pillars. This plan is rare in Islamic architecture; it is used sporadically in geographic areas as far apart as Spain[2] and Afghanistan[3]. The ceiling overhangs a mihrāb composed of a semi-cylindrical niche framed by a horseshoe arch resting on small columns and capped by a half cupola. During the Hafsid era (1228–1574) a minaret was erected in the western corner of the oratory to the detriment of the entrance porch. It has a rectangular base and is decorated with gemel windows framed with ceramic tiles. This design points to Andalusian influence, which emerged in Maghreb from the eleventh century under the Almoravids (1056–1147) and then the Almohads (1130–1269)[4].
Although modest, this oratory occupies an important place in Ifriqiyan art. The arrangement of its façade is without precedent in Tunisian architecture and would later be imitated in the al-Qasaba and Zitouna mosques in Tunis. What is more, it boasts the first inscription ever to appear on a façade in Ifriqiya – prefiguring the one on the Ibn Khayrun mosque (known as the Mosque of the Three Doors) in Kairouan. It is the oldest inscription after the one on the Dome of the Rock (Jerusalem, 691). Its austere architecture seems to elaborate the models that were to be more amply applied in Sahelian religious architecture, like the Great Mosques of Sousse, Monastir and Mahdiyya.
[1] Mosque of Salih Talai (Egypt, Cairo, 1160).
[2] Mosque of Bāb al-Mārdum, now the church of San Cristo de la Luz, Spain, Toledo, 999.
[3] Mosqueof the Nine Domes, Afghanistan, Balkh,late eighth–early ninth c.
[4] Minaret of the Giralda, Spain, Seville, 1171.
Creswell, K. A. C., Early Muslim Architecture, t. II, New York, 1979, Hacker Art Books, p. 246-248.
Lézine, A., Sousse, les monuments musulmans, Tunis, 1968, Éditions Cérès,
« art et histoire », p. 35-43.
Marçais, G., L’architecture musulmane d’Occident, Paris, 1954, AMG, p. 23-24.
Golvin L., Essai sur l’architecture religieuse musulmane, t. III, Paris, 1974, Klincksieck, p. 210-211.
Benaboud, N., El-Khatib Boujibar, K., Lakhdar, M., Le Maroc andalou, A la découverte d'un art de vivre, Amman, Aix en Provence, 2000, Musée sans frontières.
Bittar, T., « La mosquée de Tchor Soutoun à Termez. Sa place dans l’architecture islamique », in La Bactriane au carrefour des routes et des civilisations de l’Asie centrale, Actes du colloque de Termez, 1997, Paris, 1997, Maisonneuve & Larose, IFEAC, p. 385-397.
Combe, E., Sauvaget, J., Wiet, G., Répertoire chronologique d’épigraphie arabe, t. I, Le Caire, 1931, Institut français d’archéologie orientale, p. 218-219, n° 276.
Combe, E., Sauvaget, J., Wiet, G., Répertoire chronologique d’épigraphie arabe, t. V, Le Caire, 1934, Institut français d’archéologie orientale, p. 190, n° 276.
Golvin, L., Essai sur l’architecture religieuse musulmane, t. III, Paris, 1974, Klincksieck, p. 190-192, 212-218.
Hautecoeur, L., Wiet, G., Les mosquées du Caire, Paris, 1932, Librairie Ernest Leroux, p. 229-232.
Warning: MySQL query error: Expression #1 of ORDER BY clause is not in SELECT list, references column 'qantara.fr_index.in_poids' which is not in SELECT list; this is incompatible with DISTINCT in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.qantara-med.org/htdocs/Connections/fonctions.php on line 3281
No MySQL connection