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Mejez al-Bab Bridge
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- Name : Mejez al-Bab Bridge
- Place : Tunisia
- Construction date/period :
AH 1087/AD 1677
- Construction materials : Free stone
- Architectural pattern : Free stone
- Recipient/Mandatory : Muhammad (r.1675–1699), son of Murad II, great-grandson of Murad I (1613–1631)
- Dimensions : undetermined
- Inscriptions :
Very fine inscription in Thuluth script engraved on a marble plaque embedded in the middle of one of the parapets protecting the road and the roadway:
بسـم اللـه الرحمـن الرحيــم
لله قنطـرة الأمير مـــراد ابن الأمير محمد ابن مـــراد
في الحسن والإتقان ما نظر امرؤ شبها لها لو طاف كلّ بـــلاد
فتقبّل اللهمّ السعي منـه فـي إنشائها لمرور هذا الـــوادي
وآجعل ثراه إذا أتاك ميمّمـا عفوا ومغفرة ليوم معـــاد
وقد انتهى منها البناء وتّم في رجب الأصب وساعة الإسعـاد
وبعيد ألف مع مائتيـن أرخت تتلوه ثمانيـة بـلا تــرداد
من هجرة الهادي إلى نهج الهدى وشفيع ملهف وعديم الــزاد
صلى عليه الله جلّ جلالــه يتلوه تسليم بغيـر نفـــاد
- Translations-inscriptions :
“In the name of the kind and forgiving God. The bridge of Prince Mourad son of Prince Muhammad son of Mourad is dedicated to God. Because of its beautiful and perfect form, no one can see any like it even if he travels all over the world. May God reward him for this pious work and return his kindness on the day of resurrection, thanks to his pardon and his indulgence. Bridge completed on the first day of the month of Rajab in the year 1088 (6 March 1677) of the Hegira. The Prophet guides him toward the straight and narrow. The one who will be the impatient and generous intercessor. May the Almighty God pour out on him his blessing and eternal bliss."
To this day this fine monument is a vital artery of the Andalusian town[1] of Mejez al-Bab. It spans the Medjerda and allows travellers to cross over from Mejez-el-Bab to the surrounding gardens and villages of Testour, Slouguia and Grich, founded by Andalusians.
The bridge was first restored in 1709, as indicated on a plaque on the bridge; in 1943 two arches destroyed in the Tunisia campaign were rebuilt. It is a humpback bridge made of stone. Its eight arches rest on inverts with square sections on land and conical sections in the river (to reduce the abrasion of the water on the walls). The arches are fitted with valves that can stop them up to raise the water level in order to operate a fulling mill and irrigate the adjacent fields. Niches embedded in rectangular frames between the arches relieve the strain on the masonry.
The bridge is both sober and sturdy. It is similar to the Tunisian bridges of Jedeida and the bridge and dam of el-Battan at Teboulba, built in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Bridges of this type existed already several centuries earlier; examples in the Iberian peninsula include the Valde Puentes aqueduct, which supplied water to the city of Madinat al-Zahra, the Pinos Bridge in Granada (tenth century) and the bridge over the river Gilão in Tavira, Portugal.
From al-Andalus this type of bridge spread to Morocco in the Almohad era, as the bridges of Sebou (twelfth century) and Tansifet (eleventh–twelfth centuries) attest. This kinship with the Muslim West does not rule out the development of bridges in the East. Monumental bridges were built there at different epochs, mainly under the Seljukids of Anatolia (1077–1307) and the Artuqids in Diyerbakir (1102–1408), who took a keen interest in developing channels of communication and were great builders of construction works[2].
[1] The village was rebuilt by the Mudéjares in the seventeenth century.
[2] The Aspendos Seljukid bridge over the river Korpru Cay, Turkey. Batman-Su Bridge, Turkey, 1147 (a one-arch bridge with a span of over 35m).
Saadaoui, A., « Pont de Medjez el-Bab », in Ifriqiya, Treize siècles d’Art et d’architecture en Tunisie, Tunis, 2000, Edisud, p. 131.
Mozzati, L., L'art de l'Islam, Paris, 2003, Mengès, p. 176-177.
Stierlin, H., L'art de l'Islam en méditerranée d'Istanbul à Cordoue, Paris, 2005, Gründ, p. 67.
Les Andalousies, de Damas à Cordoue, (exh. cat., Paris, Institut du monde arabe, 2000), Paris, 2000, IMA, Hazan, p. 64-65.
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