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Souk des chechia
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- Name : Souk des chechia
- Place : Tunisia, Tunis
- Construction date/period : Thirteenth–fourteenth century
- Construction materials : Brick, rubble
- Architectural pattern : Painted and sculpted wood
The souk is located near the Great Mosque of Tunis. It, along with the Souk al-Attarine (“of the perfumers”) and the Souk des Fakia (“of the dried fruit”), is one of the most remarkable souks of the Tunis medina.
Relatively vast, it comprises a groin-vaulted covered alley flanked by two rows of shops used to display chechia[1] and as production workshops.
This industry, which most probably developed with the arrival of the first Andalusian immigrants, flourished during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The dynamism of the chechia industry led to the enrichment of its craftsmen, who were members of the Tunis middle class. They elaborated an entire production line consisting of various centres for washing, knitting, sewing, dyeing and fulling, in several locations in the suburbs of Tunis and along the Medjerda.
The quality of the Tunisian chechia was recognised all over North Africa (Algeria, Libya, Egypt) and even south of the Sahara (Niger, Chad, Mali).
Beginning in the late nineteenth century, European competition proved fatal and the chechia lost its sparkle. Today, with the revival of traditional dress and the presence of a tourist clientele, the souk is experiencing a revival.
[1] The chechia is the national hat of Tunisia. The traditional chechia is made of worsted wool knit by the women who make kabbus hats. The hats are sent to be fulled: they are soaked in hot water and soap, and the men full them with their feet. As a result, the stitches of the knitting more or less disappear. The hats are then teaselled – carded or combed – to give the felt a velvety nap.
Ben Mami, M. B., « Aswak madinat
Tunus madjallat Ifrikiya » (« Les souks de la Médina de Tunis,
Africa »), in : revue Silsilat Funun al takalid al-shabiyya,
1992, vol. 12, Tunis : INP, p. 43-93.
Brunschvig, R., La Berbérie orientale sous les Hafsides, t. 2, Paris : Adrian / Maisonneuve, p.
231-232 et 276-282.
Ferchiou, S., Technique et société, la fabrication de la chéchia de Tunisie, Paris : Institut d'Ethnologie, 1973.
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