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Funduq al-Najjârîn
- Nombre : Funduq al-Najjârîn
- Lugar : Fez, Marruecos
- Fecha, periodo de construcción : siglo XVIII
- Material de construcción : Piedra, ladrillo, mortero, cal
- Decoración arquitectónica : madera, cerámica, teja, yeso esculpido, madera esculpida
- Destinatario / mandatario : Mawlây Isma‘îl
- Restauración :
Clasificado monumento histórico en 1916, restaurado entre 1996 y 1998 bajo el auspicio de la Fundación Muhammad Karim Lamrani que lo transformó en Museo de las artes y los oficios de la maderas.
Este funduq se sitúa en el corazón de la medina de Fez desde él se llega a la puerta occidental de ésta (Bâb Bûjlûd) por las dos principales arterias de la ciudad (Tal'a Sghira y Tal'a Kbira). Ocupa una de las fachadas de la plaza Najjârîn, que acoge a los carpinteros (Najjârîn), probablemente desde la época mariní. Estas proporciones, junto con sus particularidades arquitectónicas, hacen de él una de las más importantes caravanserais de la ciudad. Fue fundado en 1711 para almacenar las mercancías preciosas de los potentados y los grandes negociantes, función que dejó de cumplir en 1940, cuando las autoridades del Protectorado francés lo convirtieron en comisaría de policía.
El funduq Al Najjârîn presenta una planta rectangular de orientación nordeste/suroeste. El monumento se distingue de otras caravanserais de la ciudad por su puerta monumental, abierta por un arco apuntado de herradura enmarcado par un segundo arco lobulado con yeso esculpido. Las albanegas de este último están revestidas con azulejos de cerámica con decoración floral. Por encima, un imponente alero de madera esculpida corona una sucesión de arcadas de yeso cincelado. La puerta da acceso a un vestíbulo recto que conduce a un patio rectangular. El edificio se compone de tres plantas cuyas fachadas son simétricas, y acogen cincuenta y un piezas de formas desiguales.
No se puede hablar del funduq al-Najjârîn sin mencionar la fuente que cubre la fachada del monumento desde la primera mitad del siglo XIX. Armoniza perfectamente con la puerta del funduq, adoptando su estructura esbelta y su decoración, que descansan sucesivamente en la cerámica y el yeso esculpido, y con el alero de madera de cedro esculpida y pintada, rematado con tejas verdes. La fachada de la fuente muestra un arco de medio punto de herradura enmarcado por un arco de lambrequines. A los dos lados de este vano ciego hay dos pilares que reposan en una pileta de forma rectangular y soportan un dintel que contiene una inscripción con caracteres cursivos. Sobre este dintel, descansan las ménsulas de madera que sostienen el alero del monumento.
Aouni, L.M., « Les monuments de Moulay Ismaïl à Fès », in Actes du colloque Moulay Ismaïl, Meknès, 1995, p. 87-109.
Le Maroc Andalou, à la découverte d'un art de vivre, Musée Sans Frontières, Casablanca/Aix-en-Provence : Addif /Édisud, 2000, p. 123-124.
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