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Pitcher with inscription
- Title/name : Pitcher with inscription
- Production place : Lebanon/Syria
- Discovery place : Lebanon, Tyr
- Date / period : Thirteenth - fourteenth centuries
- Materials and techniques : Earthenware ceramics, moulded and turned; moulded and appliqué decorations
- Dimensions : Height, 29.7 cm; diameter, 21 cm
- Conservation town : Beirut
- Conservation place : National Museum
- Inventory number : 21533
- Inscription :
Arabic
عز لمولانا الملك العادل العالم ( الناصر ؟)
- Transcription (fr, eng, esp) :
‘Izz li-mawlânâ al-malik al-‘âdil al-‘âlim (al-Nâsir?)
- Translation :
Glory to our master the sovereign, the just, the learned, the victorious.
This pitcher, set on a pedestal, has a bulbous body and a curved handle. Its neck is topped with a quite flared concave opening that is decorated with a partially illegible inscription in cursive script (the word al-‘âlim can be seen, meaning " the learned"). Two other bands of engraved inscriptions, on the shoulder and body, repeat the same praises of glory to the recipient, according to a formula common during the Mamluk period. The recipient is not named, but his titulature may indicate this was an important person. The ornamentation of the body ends with fish alternating with a five-leaf vegetation motif.
This pitcher was meant to contain water, the absence of glaze allowing the evaporation of a part of the liquid and the cooling of the rest. The cursive script, not very elegant, has large undulating curves, and thick downstrokes and upstrokes, which betray a certain haste in decorating the object. It is an example of large-scale production of utilitarian objects that developed in the Orient during the Ayyubid and Mamluk periods, but that has its sources in Antiquity. Unglazed ceramic is the material most present in archaeological dig sites, from the Maghreb to Iran. Many variants exist in the shapes and ornamentation, as demonstrated by a Moroccan vase of the thirteenth century[1].
BIBLIOGRAPHY RELATED TO THE ITEM
Liban, l’autre rive, exh. cat., Paris, 1998, Arab World Institute, Flammarion, p. 249.
REFERENCE BIBLIOGRAPHY
Watson, O., Ceramics from Islamic Lands, Londres, 2004, Thames & Hudson, The al-Sabah Collection Dar al-Athar al-Islamiyyah, Kuwait National Museum.
L’Orient de Saladin, l’art des Ayyoubides, exh. cat., Paris, 2001, Arab World Institute, Gallimard.
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