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Qantara - Madrasa al-Muntasiriyya
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Qantara Qantara

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Madrasa al-Muntasiriyya

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diaporama

Madrasa al-Muntasiriyya

  • Nom : Madrasa al-Muntasiriyya
  • Lieu : Tunisie, Tunis
  • Date/période de construction : 838 H./1434 J.C. – 841H./1438 J.C.
  • Matériaux de construction : Pierre calcaire, marbre (plaques, colonnes et chapiteaux), bois
  • Destinataire/mandataire : Commencée par Abû 'Abdallâh al-Muntasir et achevée par Abû Amru 'Uthmân

Le monument se trouve dans la médina de Tunis. Ce lieu d’enseignement et de prière est construit selon le style des maisons bourgeoises. Le plan est constitué d’une cour centrale sur laquelle ouvrent des îwân et diverses pièces. Ce patio donne accès à une salle de prières et à des latrines. Ce plan, avec des iwans remplaçant les traditionnelles galeries tunisiennes, marque l’influence orientale puisque celui-ci est très répandu dans les madrasas d’Égypte et de Syrie. Le décor, austère, se concentre sur la façade.

Le monument se trouve dans la partie est de la médina non loin de la mosquée Zitouna.

Ce lieu d’enseignement et de prière est construit selon le style des maisons bourgeoises. Il est constitué d’un patio central, de pièces et d’une salle de prière. Le plan est constitué d’une cour centrale dépourvue de galeries qui sont remplacées par des îwân et entourée de pièces. Ce patio donne accès à une salle de prières et à des latrines. Il s’agit d’une création originale des madrasas en Tunisie puisqu’on signale la présence d’îwân et l’absence de galeries. Une telle spécificité architecturale notamment l’utilisation de l’îwân marque l’influence orientale puisque celui-ci est très répandu dans les madrasas d’Égypte et de Syrie. Les organes de support dans ce monument sont les murs généralement austères hormis la façade extérieure qui est couverte de plaques de pierre et les colonnes surmontées de chapiteaux de type hafside soulageant des arcs en plein cintre. Ces structures portantes supportent des couvertures sous forme de voûtes en berceau et d’arête et des toitures terrasses en solives et en voliges. 

BIBLIOGRAPHIE DU MONUMENT

Golvin L., La Madrasa Médiévale,  Aix-en-Provence, 1995.

Ben Mami  M.B.,  Madāris madīnat Tūnis min al-‘ahd al-hafsī ila al-‘ahd al-husainī, Tunis, 2006, p. 197-212.

Daoulatli, A., Tunis sous les Hafsides, évolution urbaine et activité architecturale, Tunis, 1976, p. 224-227.




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