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Dâr Hasan Pacha
- Name : Dâr Hasan Pacha
- Place : Algiers, Algeria
- Construction date/period : 1791
- Construction materials : Brick, limestone, tufa
- Architectural pattern : marble, ceramic, wood, bronze, glass
- Recipient/Mandatory : the Dey of Algiers, Hasan Pacha
- Inscriptions :
Above the door of a room on the first floor, on marble in golden oriental letters (cursive script), in rhymed prose:
حبذا دار بناه مثل عدن نزهة حسن باشا بجد وجود قد كساه بهجة وزينة للناظرين وأتم عتبته والسعود سنة 1111
Habadha’a darun banahu mithl adan nouzhatan Hassan Pacha bidjidin wa djoudKad kassahu bahdjatan wa zinatan linadhirin wa atamma atbatahu wa al’souhoud // sanat 1111.
- Translations-inscriptions :
Magnificent! This is a palace that Hasan Pacha built with great eagerness and generosity to resemble a paradise of pleasure. He has clad it with elegance and beauty for all of us to look at and in joy and happiness hereby finished the doorway. The year1111.
- Restoration :
in 1999 the restoration of the palace was carried out by the National Society of Archaeology.
This palace follows a typical Maghreb floor plan, handled in a neo-gothic and oriental style. It dates from the colonial period and is a fine example of late 18th-century civilian architecture in Algiers.
The main element of this building is its central courtyard, around which all the rooms are organised. This central patio is built over two levels and comprises two, distinct elements. The main façade, in a neo-gothic style, has ogival windows framed by columns and a large marble gateway that opens onto a lobby followed by a chicane entrance of a long hall that turns into a monumental staircase. In ancient times, in Kerkouane in Tunisia (6th century BC) as in Priene in Greece, chicane entrances were used to protect the inhabitants from being seen from the outside.
The central patio is framed by porticos, following the model of Islamic edifices, which were initially based on the Roman house and even further back on the ancient houses of Mesopotamia, Phoenicia and Greece. A number of rooms open out from under each of the four galleries, one of which had an alcove and was undoubtedly the reception hall. The half-sunken room in Algerian houses is a particularly oriental trait, a feature that has its origins in the Iranian îwân. The rooms open out onto the galleries through “open minded” doors, or doors that open all the way and fold back out of sight; such doors are found in Morocco and Andalusia. This system of private apartments with “open minded” doors leading into the galleries makes for rooms that blend into the portico protecting their entries—a characteristic of western Maghreb and Andalusian architecture, and quite different from its counterpart in Tunisia and the Middle East.
The patio has broken horseshoe arches that rest on twisted marble columns, inspired by the Italian model. In Algiers, the horseshoe arch is broken as opposed to round to adapt to a terrain that is not always flat and to allow for more variation in the spacing between columns. The stairwells and common areas have doors framed in marble, much like Italian Renaissance doors. We will note the use of staircases in flights that, following the example of Arabic stairs, are held “between the wall”, as in Spain up to a certain period. The ceilings are in sculpted wood, their style taking its cue from oriental designs. The blind arcades show the mark of the Andalusian heritage, as does the ordering of the ceramic tiles. This decoration, so typical of Ottoman palaces in Algiers, uses ceramic tiles imported from Holland, Tunisia (inspired by Spanish art), Turkey (Iznik) and Spain (Valencia).
Colin, G., Corpus des inscriptions arabes et turques de l’Algérie, vol. I, Département d’Alger, Paris : Ernest Leroux 1901. n°45, p 73.
Delvoux, A., « Etude archéologique et topographique sur Alger aux époques romaine, arabe et turque », in Revue Africaine, 1875-1878.
Golvin, L., Palais et demeures d’Alger à la période Ottomane, Aix-en-Provence : Édisud, 1988.
Marçais, G., L’architecture musulmane d’occident, Tunisie, Algérie, Espagne et Sicile, Paris : Arts et Métiers Graphiques, 1957, p. 87.
Marçais, G., Maisons et villas d’Alger, Alger : « Documents Algériens », Février 1948.
Ravereau, A., La casbah d’Alger, et le site créa la ville, Paris : Sindbad, 1989.
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