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Jarra
- Título / Denominación : Jarra
- Lugar de hallazgo : Jordania, Tall Hisban
- Fecha / Periodo : Siglos XIII – XIV
- Material y técnica : Cerámica; decoración pintada
- Dimensiones : Alto: 22,4 cm; ancho:15 cm; diámetro (de la boca): 10 cm
- Ciudad de conservación : Madaba
- Lugar de conservación : Museo Arqueológico
- Número de Inventario : Ma 8390
Esta jarra mameluca destaca por su decoración marrón sobre fondo de color crema, aplicada con pincel y a mano alzada. El artista dividió el recipiente en tres partes separadas por una larga línea. En la parte superior, justo bajo el cuello, dibujó una sucesión regular de triángulos y rombos, unidos por sus vértices. La segunda parte, sobre el hombro, presenta motivos con tres líneas paralelas. Por último, en la tercera parte, sobre el cuerpo, se observan triángulos irregulares pintados a mano alzada, mayores que los de la parte superior, con el vértice orientado hacia la base de la jarra. El asa, unida al labio y al hombro del objeto, comporta la misma ornamentación que el cuerpo.
La pasta, granulosa, contiene impurezas, que se intentaron ocultar bajo una capa de engobe blanco crema. La cocción debió de hacerse a temperatura media, en dos etapas: una primera cocción para la fabricación y una segunda para fijar los colores.
Es muy posible que esta jarra se utilizase en la vida de todos los días, quizá como medidor. Este tipo de objetos, ya conocidos en los periodos bizantino y omeya (con diferencias técnicas y decorativas) abundan en las épocas ayubí y mameluca. Además de cerámica pintada, en la Gran Siria podían encontrarse recipientes con la misma forma, pero vidriados, importados de Egipto, Siria u otras partes del mundo árabe.
La tinta utilizada para la fabricación de este objeto es la misma que se empleaba para escribir o iluminar los manuscritos islámicos. La tinta de color negro, el color más extendido, se obtenía a partir de carbono de alcornoque, de aceites de semillas de linaza y de petróleo, o de polvo de carbón. Otros colores se conseguían por oxidación de metales, como los óxidos de plomo, hierro o cobre.
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