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Tinaja para almacenamiento
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- Título / Denominación : Tinaja para almacenamiento
- Lugar de producción : Jordania
- Lugar de hallazgo : Jordania, excavaciones de Diban
- Fecha / Periodo : Siglos IX-X
- Material y técnica : Cerámica no vidriada
- Dimensiones : Alto: 15,5 cm; ancho: 13 cm; diámetro (de la abertura): 6,3 cm; diámetro (de la base): 5,3 cm
- Ciudad de conservación : Madaba
- Lugar de conservación : Museo Arqueológico
- Número de Inventario : Ma 8821 (antiguo Ma 10)
En su mayoría, la alfarería de principios del periodo islámico carecía de decoración. Si bien sus formas perpetuaban las tradiciones de los periodos bizantino y sasánida, la pasta, la técnica de fabricación y la preparación eran diferentes. Se trataba en su mayor parte de tinajas destinadas a almacenar agua en grandes cantidades, pero también había vasijas de variados contenidos. Aunque algunos ejemplares estaban decorados, la ornamentación era muy sencilla por lo general, con motivos geométricos o vegetales grabados en la pasta o moldeados con salientes, o incluso a veces con sellos, circulares o no. Numerosos objetos de este tipo de los siglos VIII a X están expuestos en el Museo Metropolitano de Nueva York.
El objeto presentado aquí, sacado a la luz durante las excavaciones de Diban de 2002, es una de esas tinajas de almacenamiento, de la época abasí. Los rastros de su cuerpo parecen indicar que seguramente se moldeó con un torno de alfarero. Originariamente, tenía un asa y una tapa realizadas con la misma pasta. En su interior, se descubrieron dieciséis monedas de plata de la época mameluca, en concreto, de los reinados de los sultanes al-Zahir Baybars (reinado: 1260-1277), al-Mansur Qalaun (reinado: 1280-1290) y al-Nasir Muhammad (reinado: 1294-1340, con interrupciones). La presencia de estas monedas en un recipiente de fecha anterior indica que para el usuario sólo era importante la función del objeto (y no la fecha de su fabricación).
La ocultación de tesoros (monedas, pero también joyas) en tinajas era corriente en Jordania[1] y en numerosos países del mundo islámico (Iraq, Egipto, Siria, Líbano). Diversos museos del mundo exponen este tipo de objetos, en especial, el Museo Nacional de Damasco, el Museo de Arte Islámico de El Cairo, el Museo del Louvre de París y el British Museum de Londres.
Nota
[1] En las excavaciones dirigidas por Donald Whitcomb en Aqaba, se descubrió un tesoro de la época fatimí.
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