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Casket de Saint Isidore de Léon
- Title/name : Casket de Saint Isidore de Léon
- Production place : Royal Collegiate (Real Colegiata) of Saint Isidore de Léon
- Date / period :
11th Century
- Materials and techniques : Pine wood, niello decorated silver, agate
- Dimensions : 13,5 x 18,5 x 13 cm
- Conservation town : Madrid
- Conservation place : Museo Archéológico Nacional
- Inventory number : 51053
Ce coffret rectangulaire est surmonté d’un couvercle taluté. Cinquante sept plaques d’onyx rectangulaires, semi-circulaires, ou circulaires figurant parfois des portes surmontées d’arcs outrepassés, sont insérées dans une structure d’argent ciselé et niellé fixée sur une âme de bois. De petites roses d’argent masquent les jonctions entre les différentes plaques, à l’avant et à l’arrière. Le co
This rectangular casket is equipped with a sloping-sided lid. 57 rectangular, semi-circular and circular onyx panels – sometimes representing horseshoe arches – are incorporated into a niello decorated, chased silver framework, fixed to a wooden substructure. On the front and rear tiny silver roses hide the joints. The lid is equipped with a hinge on the rear face and a lock embellished with decorative vegetable elements at the front. The lid is also equipped with a more recent handle, probably added during the 19th century. The silver plate, which forms the base, was added during the Gothic period.
Concerning the layout of these elements, Marta Poza states that it is difficult to argue with the fact that “the horseshoe arches found on the casket and their considerable size echo the structure of temple entrance gates”. This casket was probably used as a reliquary or for storing the Eucharist. Two other caskets in niello decorated silver and originating from Saint Isidore de Léon can be seen at the Museo Archeológico Nacional in Madrid.
The origins of this object are uncertain. Both Muslims and Christians used this type of casket. Certain researchers have attributed it to one of the small Taifa principalities in al-Andalus, while others have suggested one of the Christian kingdoms in the north of the Iberian Peninsula. Gomez-Moreno plumps for Spanish-Muslim origins, due to elements such as the horseshoe arches. Most specialists however, believe it originates from the Léon workshop, which was active in the middle of the 11th century, under the orders of Fernando I y Sancha. Other elements such as the plaited motif link it to Asturian art. This casket has indeed been compared to agate casket Furela II gave to the cathedral of Oviedo in 910.
Professor John W. Williams completely rejects the idea of Islamic origins, due to the fact that no other Muslim object contains agate in similar form. According to Professor Williams, even though the placement of the interlaced silver bands imitates the famous Constantine knots and resembles certain details of Islamic manuscripts, this style of decoration also existed in 10th century Christian manuscripts.
Marta Poza Y., Maravillas de la España medieval. Tesoro sagrado y monarquía, cat. exp. León, 2000, Junta de Castilla y León, Caja España, p. 116.
The art of medieval Spain, A.D. 500-1200, exhib. cat.. New-York, 1993, The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
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