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Fragment d'une planche en bois à décor de rosettes
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- Titre / dénomination : Fragment d'une planche en bois à décor de rosettes
- Lieu de production : Kairouan, Tunisie
- Lieu de découverte : Tunisie, Grande Mosquée de Kairouan
- Date / période : Début du XIIIe siècle
- Matériaux et techniques : Bois de cèdre peint
- Dimensions : L. 135 cm ; l. 27,5 cm
- Ville de conservation : Kairouan
- Lieu de conservation : Musée des Arts islamiques de Raqqada
- Numéro d'inventaire : BS 105
Cette planche provient du plafond de la salle de prière de la Grande Mosquée de Kairouan. Sur le fond rouge du panneau, le décor s’enlève en vert, brun clair et brun foncé. Quatre cartouches carrés curvilignes évoquent l’image d’une large fleur épanouie dont le coeur est constitué d’une étoile centrale à huit branches ; des tiges souples s’en échappent, dessinant deux rosaces à quatre lobes entrecroisés et se terminant en fleuron trilobé.
L’utilisation de boiseries peintes existe depuis l’époque omeyyade[1], se prolonge à l’époque abbasside[2] et se retrouve en al-Andalus[3]. Certains éléments du plafond de la Grande Mosquée de Kairouan sont exposés à l’Institut du monde arabe à Paris. Ce motif de carré enfermant des rosaces se retrouve pendant longtemps sur des décors de stuc, de céramique et de bois provenant de monuments hispano-mauresques.
NOTE
[1] Syrie, Qasr al-Hayr al-Gharbi.
[2] Irak, Samarra, palais du Jawsaq al-Khâqani, salle du trône.
[3] Les plafonds de la partie de la Grande Mosquée de Cordoue dus au calife al-Hakam II (966) présentent un décor en léger relief et peint, mais plus complexe que celui de Kairouan.
BIBLIOGRAPHIE DE L'OBJET
Marçais, G., Coupoles et plafonds de la Grande Mosquée de Kairouan, Tunis, Paris, Tournier et Vuibert, 1925.
De Carthage à Kairouan, 2000 ans d’art et d’histoire en Tunisie, (cat. exp., Paris, musée du Petit Palais, 1982), Paris, AFAA, 1982, p. 207.
Les Andalousies, de Damas à Cordoue, (cat. exp., Paris, Institut du monde arabe, 2000), Paris, Institut du monde arabe/Hazan, 2000, p. 194-195.
The Arts of Islam, (cat. exp., Londres, 1976), Londres, The world of Islam festival publishing company limited, p. 284, n° 440.
30 ans au service du patrimoine, (cat. exp., Tunis, Le Belvédère, 1986), Tunis, INAA, 1986, p. 262.
BIBLIOGRAHIE DE REFERENCE
Le Maghreb médiéval, Aix-en-Provence, Édisud, 1991, p. 218, p. 250.
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