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Dobla página del Corán
- Título / Denominación : Dobla página del Corán
- Fecha / Periodo : Siglo XV
- Material y técnica : Tintas y oro sobre papel oriental
- Ciudad de conservación : El Cairo
- Lugar de conservación : Biblioteca Nacional
- Número de Inventario : 48
Este Corán está abierto en la hoja del versículo del Trono, ayat al-kursi, que se encuentra en la segunda sura, llamada al-baqara («la vaca») [sura II, versículo 255]. Es un versículo importante para la fe musulmana con virtudes protectoras.
De formato vertical, las hojas de este Corán contienen once líneas de escritura cursiva en tinta negra sobre papel oriental. Los distintos versículos están separados por pequeños rosetones dorados cuyo centro es de color azul y cuyos pétalos están separados por pequeños puntos rojos. En la página de la izquierda, el principio del versículo del Trono va precedido por una franja iluminada que acaba en una palmeta. Se indican las vocales breves (tashkil, sistema de vocalización) y los signos diacríticos, lo cual facilita la lectura del texto. Las vocales breves están marcadas por signos de vocalización: fatha, vocal «a», kasra, vocal «i» y damma, vocal «u». Este sistema fue establecido por el filólogo y gramático Khalil ibn Ahmad al-Farahidi (m. 786) en sustitución del sistema que utilizaba los puntos de colores adoptado por Abu al-Aswad al-Duali (m. 688). El sistema de los puntos para diferenciar a las consonantes fue ideado por al- Hajjaj ibn Yusuf al-Taqafi (694-714).
La caligrafía de este manuscrito es de estilo muhaqqaq, que se caracteriza por sus letras amplias y poco redondeadas, unos trazos alargados verticalmente que proporcionan un buen desarrollo horizontal. Es una caligrafía muy usual en los Coranes verticales de gran formato, producidos en el mundo musulmán occidental y sobre todo en el Egipto mameluco entre el siglo XIII y el XV. Asimismo, gustaba mucho en Persia y durante la dinastía de los Ilkanes, durante ese mismo período.
El calígrafo y el iluminador pusieron especial esmero en las dos primeras páginas del Corán, donde figuran la primera sura, al-fatiha (sura de apertura), y el principio de la sura II, al-baqara. Sus versículos comprenden seis líneas de escritura en tinta negra sobre fondo floral. Los títulos de las suras están escritos con tinta blanca en cartuchos de fondo azul. Una franja trenzada de color dorado enmarca los cartuchos y el texto. Este motivo trenzado suele ser frecuente en los manuscritos del Magreb.
Catálogo de exposición
Guesdon M. -G. et Vernay-Nouri A. (dir.), L’art du livre arabe, du manuscrit au livre d’artiste, Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, 2001
Splendeur et majesté, Corans de la Bibliothèque nationale, Paris, Institut du monde arabe, Bibliothèque nationale, 1987
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