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The Church of the Virgin
- Name : The Church of the Virgin
- Place : Madaba, Jordan
- Construction date/period : End of the sixth, beginning of the seventh century
- Construction materials : Stone, mosaics
- Dimensions : Apse : D. 9,70 m ; Nave : L. 7,10 m ; W. 5,80 m
At the end of the sixth and beginning of the seventh centuries four churches were built over prime lands in areas flanking the east-west Roman colonnaded street in the center of Madaba which are now enclosed by an archaeological park. These churches which loomed large over the city not only changed the urban fabric of Madaba, but also contributed to the formulation of the city’s Christian identity.
The church of the Virgin Mary was prominently located immediately to the north of the Roman street. It has a round nave and an elongated apse presbyterium, supported by two subterranean barrel-vaults.
The present mosaic floor is dated to the year 662 A. D. according to the creation era, “Creatio Mundi”. It consists of three concentric circles within a large square of interlacing circles. The central medallion is occupied by a Greek inscription which reminds the faithful who enter the church of the spiritual purity necessary for proper veneration of the icon of the Virgin Mother. Although the decoration of the mosaic floor consists of exclusively geometrical and floral motifs, including two images showing a fruit and knife in a footed bowl (a motif which was taken over and elevated to a major motif at Khirbat al-Mafjar, the Umayyad palatial complex near Jericho, where it occupies the floor of the central apse which marks the seat of honor in the bath- hall), the inscription shows that an icon of the Virgin existed in the apse of the church. Another eight-line inscription placed within a tabula anseata in front of the chancel screen tells us that the church was rebuilt and beatified by the , “care and zeal of the Christ loving people of Madaba” in the year which corresponds to 662 A. D.
The interest of this mosaic pavement lies in its late date (the latest dated mosaic floor in Jordan), and shows that 132 years after the fall of the Umayyad dynasty, there was still a sizable Christian community in Madaba sufficiently prosperous to rebuild the church and decorate it with a new colored mosaic floor.
Di Segin , L., “ The Date of the church of the Virgin in Madaba”, in Liber Annuus, 42, 1992, p. 251-257.
Piccirillo, M., “La chiesa della Vergine a Madaba”, in Liber Annuus, 32, 1982, p. 373-408.
Piccirillo, M., The Mosaics of Jordan, Amman, 1993, American Center of Oriental Research, p. 64-5.
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