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Bowl from Mahis
- Title/name : Bowl from Mahis
- Production place : Jordan
- Discovery place : Mahis
- Date / period : 9th–10th century
- Materials and techniques : unglazed ceramic, champlevé ornamentation
- Dimensions : H. 9 cm; L. 15 cm; Diameter of base: 4 cm
- Conservation town : Amman
- Conservation place : Jordan Archaeological Museum
- Inventory number : J 36
Among the many techniques used for ceramic decoration during the Abassid period, incised work shows a remarkable combination of delicacy and sobriety.Generally thrown on the wheel, the pieces destined for champlevé ornamentation are characterised by relatively thick sides, which enabled the potter to remove sections of clay with a tool such as a knife before the clay dried. This type of ornamentation has depth and a pleasingly three-dimensional look.
The bowl shown here is part of a collection from the city of Mahis, west of Amman. It was not found on an archaeological dig. It has four feet and was made with grey clay of a thickness sufficient for the cutting-out process required by the ornamentation on its outer surface.
After shaping the object, the maker set about decorating the outside by dividing it into five levels. The first, third and fifth of these comprise small, regularly cut triangles throughout.
For the second and fourth levels the artist-potter effected acute-angle zigzag cuts giving the impression of isosceles triangles meeting at each end of their bases. Between the two sides of the triangles he drew a recessed motif in harmony with the sequence of the sides. This kind of pottery was common in Jordan, Palestine and Syria and very much so in all the sites dating from the Abassid period.
Most of the museums in Jordan – in Irbid, Amman and at Yarmuk University – have examples of this kind of ware.
Ornamentation using triangles is the most frequent in Islamic art. It is to be found, for example, in the floor mosaics in the palaces at Qastal and Amra, in the water-based paintings in the palace of Amra, on the outer facade of the palace of Mshatta, numerous palaces in Syria and at Khirbat al-Mafjar in Ariha (Jericho?). The same kind of object has been unearthed on the Abassid sites at Sumer, Hadar and Ukhaydir, and continues to be found on Ayyubid, Mameluke and Ottoman sites.
Bennett, C.M., « Excavations at the Citadel Amman », in ADAJ, 1975, XX, p. 131- 142.
Creswell, K.A.C., Early Muslim Architecture, New-York : Hacker Art Books, 1979.
De Vries, B., « Research at Umm el-Jimal », in Biblical Archaeologist, 1979, 42, p. 49-55.
Grabar, O., « Umayyad Palace and the Abbasid Revalution », in Studia Islamica, 1962, XVIII, p. 5-18.
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