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Incense burner
- Title/name : Incense burner
- Discovery place : Al-Fudayn, Jordan
- Materials and techniques : Cast bronze ; openwork decoration
- Dimensions : H. 10,3 cm ; D. 10,3 cm
- Conservation town : Amman
- Conservation place : Jordan Archaeological Museum
- Inventory number : J 15710
The incense-burner has a hollow projection, originally intended for inserting possibly a long wooden handle, no longer preserved. It shows three legs in the shape of hoofs, as in a pouring vessel from Mafraq (J15711). The container for putting incense or possibly coal is low. From the edge raise four small projections, possibly with the purpose of fixing a lid. The ring hinge has still a rod inside as a fastener on which the rings of the lid would turn.
The sides are pierced with a decoration consisting of series of animals, probably mountain goats, within a floral design. There are six goats in different postures. Some animals have their neck turned back, a position common in hunting scenes in Byzantine mosaics.
The present piece may be compared with a censer from Amman, completely preserved. The Amman piece has a lid in the shape of a dome with a series of elongated arched openings in the drum, similar to a building miniature (J1633). A knob surmounts the dome. The handle has been engraved at the end in the shape of lion’s head. The body and the dome are engraved with a floral design on a background of fine dots. Handle, body, and lid were made in cast separately.
The shape of this incense-burner is very frequent from Spain to Oriental Iran in the first centuries of the Islamic civilization. It was used also in Coptic Egypt. The legs in the shape of hooves are also common in Iran and Middle-East until the fouteenth century and the openwork decoration is used generally for the lid, but sometimes also (Central Asia, Oriental Iran) for the body in the ninth – tenth centuries.
Humbert, J.-B., « El-Fedein / Mafraq », in Contribution Française à l’Archéologie en Jordanie, Amman, 1989, Institut Français d’Archéologie du Proche-Orient, p. 125-131.
Lankester Harding, G., « Excavations on the Citadel, Amman ”, in The Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan, 1, 1951, p. 7-16.
Der Königsweg: 9000 Jahre Kunst und Kultur in Jordanien und Palästina, Cologne, 1987, Rautenstrauch-Joest Museum, n° 354, p. 349.
La voie royale : 9000 ans d’art au Royaume de Jordanie, (cat. exp., Paris, Musée du Luxembourg 1986-1987), Paris, 1986, Association française d’action artistique, n° 354, p. 269
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