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كأس بزخرفة كتابية
- عنوان/تعيين : كأس بزخرفة كتابية
- مكان الإنتاج : البرتغال، مارتلة
- مكان الاكتشاف : البرتغال، قلعة مارتلة
- تاريخ/فترة : القرنين: 11 و 12 م
- مستللزمات تقنية : عجينة طينية ؛ زخرفة بتقنية " الحبل الجاف " الجزئية
- لحجم : ارتفاع: 10،2 سم ؛ عرض: 13 سم ؛ قطر: 9،1 سم ؛ قطر القاعدة: 5،3 سم
- مكان الحفظ : متحف مارتلة
- رقم الجرد : CR/CSP/0015
- سجيل/لغة المصدر :
بركة شاملة [ونع]مة كاملة
يمتلك هذا الكأس المكسّر على مقبض يرتكز فوق قاعدة حلقية محدبة، ويبدي بدنا مائلا في جزئه السفلي. تحتوي عجينته ذات المسام واللون الأسمر الفاتح على الإردواز والكلس والبلق (الميكا). أساس زخرفة هذا الكأس البنّي، هي كتابة بخط كوفي، قد فقد جزء منها. والعبارة هي "بركة شاملة [ونع]مة كاملة" حسب الباحث س. لوبيزمارتينز، فإن الأمر يتعلق بإحدى أقدم القطع الأثرية المصنوعة بتقنية " الحبل الجاف " (cuerda seca) الجزئية المحفوظة في مارتلة. أما أسلوب زخرفتها ونقيشتها المكتوبة فإنها تتميز عن مثيلاتها و تسمح بتأريخ هذه القطعة في فترة القرن 12 م.
إن تقنية " الحبل الجاف " قد جلبت من الشرق في نفس الفترة التي استعملت فيها الزخرفة بطلاء متعدد الألوان، المسمى ب "الأخضر البني" في الفترة الأموية و الفترات اللاحقة. يتعلق الأمر بالرسم على الواجهة، باستعمال أكسيد المنغنيز المضاف إلى المواد اللزجة. و بفضل هذه الطريقة، فإن مختلف الألوان تبقى محددة بشكل جيد بعد طهي الفخار. فإن الخليط المكون من أكسيد المنغنيز يتبخر ليترك على القطعة خطا رقيقا أسودا فقط.
فهرس الموضوع
Gómez Martínez, S., A cerâmica em corda seca de Mértola, Mertola : Campo Arqueológico de Mértola, 2002
« Tasse avec inscription » in Museum With No Frontiers : Discover Islamic Art, Permanent collection : Pörtugal [en ligne]. Disponible sur
قائمة المراجع
Momplet, Míguez, Antonio E., El arte hispanomusulmán, Madrid : Encuentro, 2004
Torres, C., Macias, S. (éds.), O Portugal Islâmico. Os últimos sinais do Mediterrâneo, Lisbonne : Ministerio da Cultura, 1998
Al-Andalus. Las artes islámicas en España, (cat. exp., Grenade, Alhambra, 1992), Madrid : Ediciones El Viso, 1992
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