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Glass flask
- Title/name : Glass flask
- Production place : Lebanon
- Discovery place : Baalbek, Lebanon
- Date / period : 11th-12th century
- Materials and techniques : Blown glass
- Dimensions : Height, 10.2 cm; diameter, 6.7 cm
- Conservation town : Berlin
- Conservation place : Museum für Islamische Kunst
- Inventory number : I.3300
In archaeological sites, unadorned glass, along with unglazed ceramics, is the most frequent material. Interesting because of its very good condition, this blown glass flask, of which the two handles connect the neck to a rounded and flattened body, is devoid of any decoration. Its shape is reminiscent of the terracotta "pilgrim's gourd" popular in the Middle East region since Antiquity[1]. Its small size suggests that it was used to contain ointment or perfume, like the many aspergillums known to be from the Ayyubid and Mamluk period in Egypt and Syria.
Developed in the Syro-Palestinian region from the middle of the first century BC, the technique of blowing glass significantly transformed glassmaking by facilitating and accelerating the production of glass containers and encouraging their circulation among the less well-to-do classes. The technique makes it possible to create a wide variety of shapes in very little time. At the time of the fall of the Roman Empire from the Occident, the art of glassmaking experienced a considerable decline in Europe, whereas it was developing in the Byzantine Empire and in various regions of the Near and Middle East such as Lebanon and Syria, former Roman provinces. In Lebanon, Baalbek was a major centre of glass production with regard to the quality and quantity of fragments discovered in the digs. Other sites such as Tyr and Beirut have also revealed the existence of glassmaking workshops.
Kröger, B., Berlin Staatliche Museen Preussischer Kulturbesitz Museum für Islamische Kunst, Glass, Main-sur-le-Rhin: Verlag Philipp von Zabern, 1984, pp. 147-48, No. 130.
Liban, l’autre rive (exhibition catalogue, Paris, Arab World Institute, 1998-1999), Paris: Arab World Institute, 1998, pp. 222-223.
Carboni, S., Glass from Islamic Lands, Londres, 2001, Thames & Hudson.
Carboni, S., « L’art du verre sous les Ayyoubides et les premiers décors émaillés et dorés » in L’Orient de Saladin, l’art des Ayyoubides cat. exp., Paris, 2001, Institut du monde arabe, Gallimard, p. 137-139.
Carboni, S., Lacerenza, G., Whitehouse, D., « Glassmaking in Medieval Tyre: the written evidence », Journal of Glass Studies, 45, 2003, p. 139-150.
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